Kendall's muscles : testing and function with posture and pain
Muscle imbalances (e.g., weak abdominals combined with tight hip flexors) are identified as the root cause of many pain syndromes, such as lumbar lordosis or lower back pain. -I Muscoli Funzioni E Test Kendall pdf-
Kendall uses a highly detailed scale, often ranging from 0% to 100%, to provide a more nuanced assessment than the traditional 0-5 scale. Percentage Description Full ROM against gravity with maximum resistance. Good (4) Full ROM against gravity with moderate resistance. Fair (3) Kendall's muscles : testing and function with posture
The Kendall approach is built on the belief that is a direct reflection of musculoskeletal balance. often ranging from 0% to 100%
The manual details hundreds of tests, but some are fundamental to daily clinical practice: