Efficient design relies on a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) to manage tasks.

Microcontrollers (ARM Cortex-M, RISC-V) or FPGAs.

Modern RTES utilize a layered approach to decouple hardware from software:

The system boots from the entry point (reset vector) and begins execution. Conclusion

Since you cannot compile code on a small microcontroller, you use a cross-compiler (like arm-none-eabi-gcc ) on your PC to generate a binary or hex file. Debugging and Simulation